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| Traditional Chinese medicine herbal extracts (Jing extracts) prevent chronic alcohol consumption-induced osteopenia in young adult male mice. control, n 18, NS: not significant, Mann-Whitney test) the oral alcohol administration of 3.2 g/kg alcohol for 50 days induced significant bone loss (alcohol, n 8 vs. BMD) a lower dose (1.6 g/kg) of alcohol for a longer duration (50 days) did not induce bone loss (alcohol, n 7, vs. (D) The quantitative analysis of trabecular bone mineral density (Tb. (C) The representative μ-CT 3-D microstructures of trabecular bone were obtained from male mice with alcohol gavage (Alcohol) or water gavage (Control) for 50 days. control group, n 5 NS: not significant, Mann-Whitney test). control group, n 5, *p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney test) the 1.6 g/kg (n 7) and 3.2 g/kg (n 5) doses of alcohol for 30 days did not induce significant bone loss (alcohol vs. BMD) the oral alcohol administration of 0.8 g/kg dose of alcohol (n 4) for 30 days significantly increased BMD in Balb/c adult male mice (alcohol vs. (B) The quantitative analysis of trabecular bone mineral density (Tb.

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3-D microstructural properties of the tibia were calculated using software supplied by the manufacturer.

(A) The representative μ-CT 3-D microstructures of trabecular bone were obtained from male mice with alcohol gavage (Alcohol) or water gavage (Control) for 30 days bars represent 100 μm. The young adult Balb/c male mice (2-month-old) were used to analyze the optimal dose (0.8, 1.6 g/kg, and 3.2 g/kg body weight) and duration (once per day at 3-4 PM, 5 days per week for 30 or 50 days) of alcohol-induced osteopenia. Balb/c male mice (2-month-old) were used to explore the optimal dose and duration of the oral alcohol administration by gavage for alcohol-induced osteopenia. | The murine models of alcohol-induced osteopenia: the dose and duration. Our study suggests that TCM herbal extracts prevent chronic excessive alcohol consumption-induced osteopenia in male mice, implying that traditional medicinal plants have the therapeutic potential of preventing alcohol-induced bone diseases. Protocatechuic acid, a natural phenolic acid in Jing extracts, mitigates in vivo alcohol-induced decline of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) gene expression in the bone marrow of Balb/c male mice and in vitro ALP activity in pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that chronic alcohol consumption inhibits bone formation and has a neutral impact on bone resorption, suggesting that TCM herbal extracts (Jing extracts) mitigate the alcohol-induced abnormal bone metabolism in middle-aged/old male mice. Our results showed that after 50 days of oral administration, TCM herbal extracts prevented alcohol-induced osteopenia demonstrated by μ-CT bone morphological analysis in young adults and middle-aged/old Balb/c male mice. In this study, Balb/c male mice were orally administrated alcohol (3.2 g/kg/day) with/without TCM herbal extracts (0.125 g/kg, 0.25 g/kg, or 0.5 g/kg) by gavage. TCM herbal extracts (Jing extracts) were prepared from nine Chinese herbal medicines, a combinative herbal formula for antifatigue and immune regulation, including Astragalus, Cistanche deserticola, Dioscorea polystachya, Lycium barbarum, Epimedium, Cinnamomum cassia, Syzygium aromaticum, Angelica sinensis, and Curculigo orchioides.

This preclinical study investigated the therapeutic effects of TCM herbal extracts in animal models of chronic excessive alcohol consumption-induced osteopenia. Chronic excessive alcohol use results in alcohol-induced bone diseases, including osteopenia and osteoporosis, which increases fracture risk, deficient bone repair, and osteonecrosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced in the treatment of bone diseases and alcoholism.